A
PROBLEM
IN
GREEK ETHICS
BEING
AN INQUIRY INTO THE PHENOMENON OF

SEXUAL INVERSION

ADDRESSED ESPECIALLY TO MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGISTS AND JURISTS
BY
JOHN ADDINGTON SYMONDS
PRIVATELY PRINTED
FOR
THE ΑΡΕΟΠΑΓΙΤΙΓΑ SOCIETY
LONDON
1908
Privately Printed in Holland for the Society.
PREFACE.
The following treatise on Greek Love was written in the year 1873, whenmy mind was occupied with my Studies of Greek Poets. I printed tencopies of it privately in 1883. It was only when I read the TerminalEssay appended by Sir Richard Burton to his translation of the ArabianNights in 1886, that I became aware of M. H. E. Meier's article onPæderastie (Ersch and Gruber's Encyclopædie, Leipzig, Brockhaus,1837). My treatise, therefore, is a wholly independent production. Thismakes Meier's agreement (in Section 7 of his article) with the theory Ihave set forth in Section X. regarding the North Hellenic origin ofGreek Love, and its Dorian character, the more remarkable. That twostudents, working separately upon the same mass of material, should havearrived at similar conclusions upon this point strongly confirms theprobability of the hypothesis.
J. A. SYMONDS.
CONTENTS.
———
I. Introduction: Method of treating the subject.
II. Homer had no knowledge of paiderastia—Achilles—Treatment of Homer by the later Greeks.
III. The Romance of Achilles and Patroclus.
IV. The heroic ideal of masculine love.
V. Vulgar paiderastia—How introduced into Hellas—Crete—Laius—The myth of Ganymede.
VI. Discrimination of two loves, heroic and vulgar. The mixed sort is the paiderastia defined as Greek love in this essay.
VII. The intensity of paiderastia as an emotion, and its quality.
VIII. Myths of paiderastia.
IX. Semi-legendary tales of love—Harmodius and Aristogeiton.
X. Dorian Customs—Sparta and Crete—Conditions of Dorian life—Moralquality of Dorian love—Its final degeneracy—Speculationson the early Dorian Ethos—Bœotians' customs—The sacredband—Alexander the Great—Customs of Elis and Megara—Hybris—Ionia.
XI. Paiderastia in poetry of the lyric age. Theognis and Kurnus—Solon—Ibycus,                        
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